Aeroelastic analysis and optimization of a GT racing car rear wing

This paper focuses on the mutual interaction between the aerodynamic and structural behaviour of a GT car single element CFRP rear wing. The performance of a racing car is improved by the generation of downforce, although aerodynamic drag is simultaneously produced, which diminishes the acceleration and limits top speed. The reduction in the angle of attack of the wing under aerodynamic load, achieved through the elastic properties of the structure, can enhance performance in straight-line sections. The rear wing plybook was optimized in compliance with the technical regulations of the GT3 car category. A bidirectional coupling method was employed to simulate a steady-state fluid-structure interaction using the ANSYS software package. To reduce the uncertainty of simulations, a grid sensitivity study was conducted. The sensitivity of the wing carbon fiber laminate composition to deformation was analysed through a “Design of Experiments” approach. The production of a prototype allowed validation of the numerical results. Static load experimental tests followed by track testing demonstrated the improved behaviour of the rear wing under aerodynamic loads, resulting in drag decreasing and lap time improvement.