Analysis of multi-hop Teleportation Protocols for Quantum Networks

Quantum mechanics for computation and information purposes has seen a burst of interest in the scientific community and companies, due to the potential unique computational power offered by quantum computers, not achievable through classical computers. In particular two technologies are used in most quantum computers, which are the trapped ions and artificial atoms, but many different technologies are currently being studied for the physical implementation of quantum information systems. Quantum computers are challenging to build, because the element which represents information, the qubit, requires strict conditions such as isolation from the environment and a very refined control. Moreover, qubits cannot intrinsically reject noise as classical bits do. This thesis is organized as follows. In Chapter 2 the essential concepts for Quantum Computation and Information are introduced; in Chapter 3 an overview of the main applications is displayed; in Chapter 4 the current results in entanglement and teleportation in Quantum Network protocols are shown. The experimental outcomes obtained in IBM Q are discussed in Chapter 5. Finally, Chapter 6 contains the conclusions.