Plastic Waste Conversion into Fuel Using a Slow Pyrolysis Reactor

Plastic waste pollution poses a significant environmental risk, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia, where waste management systems are inadequate. This research explores the conversion of plastic waste into fuel using slow pyrolysis reactor at PT Geo Trash Management Ltd, in Mataram city, Lombok island, province of West Nusa Tenggara, as a potential solution for sustainable waste management in Mataram city, Lombok island. The study focuses on the case of Lombok island, where plastic waste accumulation is a pressing issue due to increasing consumption from local and tourism activities, given that Lombok island is a tourism destination, and also due to limited waste management facilities. The research methodology includes plastic waste sorting, pyrolysis process, and the characterization of the pyrolytic product. The pyrolysis process was conducted in two batches utilizing a mix of HDPE, LDPE, PE, PS, PP, and rubber as feedstock. The results indicate that the slow pyrolysis reactor efficiently converts plastic waste into fuel, achieving an oil yield of approximately 54,6-54,8%. The pyrolytic oil obtained was further analysed through distillation and GC-MS characterization to evaluate its composition and potential applications as an alternative fuel source. The char was analysed through SEM-EDS/EDX Mapping to evaluate its surface, elemental distribution and composition. The char was also analysed for PAHs using GC. The purpose of these analyses is for further mitigation of the char due to the presence of impurities and its toxicity based on the results. The findings of this research suggest that slow pyrolysis is a viable approach for treating plastic waste while at the same time producing valuable product although a more thorough assessment of environmental sustainability should be performed. The research contributes to development waste management strategies and aligns with circular economy principal.