Towards 6G ISAC systems: terahertz processing analysis and optimization for integration in robotics systems

Sensing systems have traditionally operated on fixed frequencies. However, with the rapid expansion of communication systems, the demand for dedicated spectrum has grown, leading to a spectrum shortage for both communication and sensing purposes. This situation underscored the need for a flexible approach to spectrum sharing between these two functions. This challenge has catalyzed interest in Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems as a promising solution for efficient spectrum utilization, which is anticipated to play a crucial role in the development of Sixth Generation (6G) networks. Moreover, the use of higher frequency bands, like the Terahertz (THz) band holds enormous potential for supporting unprecedented data rates and millimeter-level sensing resolution thanks to its wide-spread bandwidth. In this thesis, the focus is on a THz-ISAC system that integrates sensing and communication functionalities within a single full-duplex Transceiver (TRx), employing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) waveform optimization to enhance both sensing and communication capabilities. In addition, the application of ISAC systems in robotics frameworks is addressed, since robotics is recognized as a key pillar for the emerging 6G technology. The robot should be able to move and perform tasks while the THz-ISAC TRx will perform both communications and sensing. Therefore, this setup needs signal acquisition and processing to adapt to the system’s movements dynamically. Eventually, empirical measurements are carried out at the Huawei Munich Research Center to validate the analyses.