Techno-economic evaluation of Carbon Capture and Sequestration plants

Nowadays, carbon capture and sequestration technologies can be considered as the most useful method in order to stop global warming which is caused by the increase of CO2 emissions. This innovative strategy exploits of the underground formations capacity to storage carbon dioxide safely. We are managing to reduce the 38 gigatonnes of CO2 annually emitted to reach the Paris agreement conditions. Scotland will start in short time a new CCS plant in the North Sea. This project is known as ACT ACORN and it involves storing about 150 megatonnes of CO2. The average sequestration cost will be about 1,1 euros per tonne of CO2. In Italy, a CCS project was supposed to start in 2011 in province of Piacenza but it did not happen due to external reasons (earthquake). In Cortemaggiore plant, 24ktonnes of CO2 would have been stored into a depleted gas field for a total investment cost worthing about 42 millions. Both of these projects are showing that CCS methods cannot be ignored. It is an available and consolidated technology, made by a capture-transport and compression structures. Thus, this project has received plenty of European Authorities fundings. It has to be overpassed the pubblic acceptance which is negletting this possibility because of the scare of leaking CO2 from natural reservoirs could risk their lifes. Furthermore, scientific opinion has to be cohesive in order to convince people and Public Institutions this is the right way to follow to achieve global warming targets . In the time this thought to be common, few alternatives can be evaluated to reuse the captured CO2 instead of emitting it in the atmosphere. A plenty of biogas plants are spreading worldwide to encourage biofuels distribution. Also, the solution to plant trees around factories could be a quick option to start the CO2 sequestration phase waiting for the CCS technology affirming worldwide.