Enhancing intermodality: a comprehensive study of the railway station as a mobility hub and the application of a new accessibility indicator to improve bike train intermodality

Railway stations play a crucial role as mobility hubs in both urban and peri-urban areas, facilitating seamless mobility for commuters. This thesis examines the diverse roles of railway stations as mobility hubs, with a focus on improving intermodality and accessibility in transportation networks. The study begins with an exploration of their background and importance, the study delves into regulatory plans, technical standards, and railways' role in enhancing intermodality to offer a comprehensive understanding of a topic. The study conducts a vast literature review to examine concepts, benefits, challenges, and best practices of mobility hubs. Examples from Shinjuku Station in Tokyo & Trieste Airport Intermodal in Italy provide insights into successful implementations. Emphasis is placed on bike-train intermodality for sustainable transportation. The methodology section outlines the development of performance indicators for mobility hubs and defines accessibility indicators. A case study of Bologna Railway Station as a mobility hub is conducted to assess its performance and identify areas for improvement. Through SWOT analysis and the application of a new accessibility indicator for bike-train intermodality, the study evaluates cycle track infrastructure, visibility and signage, services for cyclists, bike depot facilities, flows, dimensions, and user preferences based on various parameters. Results and analysis encompass evaluations of cycle track infrastructure, visibility and signage, services for cyclists, bike depot facilities, flows, dimensions, and user preferences based on parameters. The findings contribute valuable insights into enhancing the intermodal connectivity and accessibility of railway stations. In conclusion, the study offers an overview of railway stations as mobility hubs, emphasizing intermodality and accessibility. It discusses limitations, recommends future research for improved mobility infrastructure, and emphasizes sustainability.