The Ravenna LNG Terminal and the Perspectives of LNG Industry in Italy

In recent years, international tensions have made natural gas procurement from Russia increasingly less cost-effective, prompting nations to seek alternatives. In this context, the flexibility offered by LNG technology emerges as an effective solution, enabling trade with nations not directly connected to the national pipeline network. This thesis provides a detailed overview of the main networks for international natural gas trade, both through traditional pipelines and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) transport. Considering the limited natural gas reserves in Italy, the importance of foreign natural gas procurement and the adaptation of national energy procurement strategies are emphasized. Through an in-depth discussion of the main natural gas transport facilities in Italy, this research focuses on the project of the new Floating Storage and Regasification Unit (FSRU) at Punta Marina (Ravenna), analysing its reasons and strategic implications. The strengths and weaknesses of this project are examined, considering the anticipated decrease in national natural gas demand in response to European policies on fossil fuel abandonment. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of Italy's energy procurement strategies, highlighting the challenges and opportunities in the context of an evolving global natural gas market.