Optimization model of a electric vehicle parking lot for the provision of flexibility services to the distribution system operator

This thesis focuses on the optimization of a parking lot equipped with charging stations for electric vehicles (EVs) to provide flexibility services to the distribution system operator (DSO). The proposed models consider the charging and discharging of EVs, and the use of their batteries to provide flexibility services. The objective is to minimize the consumption of the energy from the grid while ensuring that the DSO's flexibility requirements are met. The models take into account the uncertainty in EV’s charging and discharging patterns. Four models are presented, and the performances are illustrated for a case study with different scenarios. The results show that the proposed model can effectively provide flexibility services to the DSO while providing maximum reduction of energy from the grid. The presence of an auxiliary battery is also considered to reduce the influence of the uncertainties associated with the number and characteristics of the parked EVs. The study provides insights into the potential benefits of EV parking lots in providing flexibility services to the electricity grid.