Food waste management and nutrient recycling

Food waste has become a major concern around the world in recent years. Food waste is on the rise as the world's population grows. Despite the fact that various efforts have been made to reduce food waste, they have not been totally successful. Food waste is not only a loss for humanity, but it is also a loss for the environment, society, and economy. The majority of countries are attempting to manage, recycle, and repurpose food waste. A brief summary of waste reduction in agricultural methods, food processing, manufacturing, and retail distribution is provided in this context. Food waste generated at market centres, food services such as hotels and restaurants, and households, on the other hand, will be discussed. This research issue is mostly focused on nutrient recycling and tries to explore how to minimize, reuse, and recycle food waste as well as promote sustainable food waste management. Anaerobic Digestion is a promising solution for food waste management when compared to typical disposal methods such as landfilling, incineration, and composting. Anaerobic digestion is one of the most environmentally friendly and effective methods for food waste management and nutrient synthesis. Climate change mitigation, economic benefits, and landfill diversion are all advantages of anaerobic digestion of food waste. Biogas is the end product of anaerobic digestion. Biogas is a renewable energy source that can also be converted into biofertilizer. Carbohydrates account for 11.8-74 percent of biogas. The biogas yield for mono-digestion of food waste was 0.27-0.642m3 CH4/kg, and 0.272-0.859m3 CH4/kg for co-digestion of food waste. Because of its biodegradability and high water content, food waste is a substrate that can be handled by anaerobic digestion. As a renewable energy source, anaerobic digestion may be a preferable option. The by-product biogas, which includes 50-60% methane, can be used to generate energy and the final digested sludge can be used as fertilizer.